Tone Generator

Uses the I2S module to synthesize tones using a minimal amount of Flash memory, RAM and CPU time.

Audio is output via the I2S_TX_DATA pin using Delta-Sigma modulation. This is a high-frequency bitstream which requires low-pass filtering and suitable amplification for driving speaker/headphones.

Warning

Do not connect the output directly to a loudspeaker or headphone as you may damage the GPIO. Always buffer the signal using a transistor, op-amp, etc.

See Esp8266 Drivers for further information about I2S.

As the output pin is normally used as UART0 RX, the alternate UART pin configuration is used:

GPIO Alternate NodeMCU Notes
3 I2S_TX_DATA D9 Audio output
13 RXD2 D7 Debug serial input
15 TXD2 D8 Debug serial output

GPIO3 is still required for programming so you’ll need to make sure the audio buffer is disconnected, or has a reasonably high impedance load. You’ll also need an additional USB-serial converter connected to GPIO13 & 15 for terminal operation.

References

Used by